In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. North carolina agricultural experiment station technical bulletin 255. Studies on the capability of cheilomenes lunata fabricius. Inheritance study of aphid aphis craccivora koch and. Coccinellidae in different seasons rakhshan and md. Originally of probable palearctic origin, it is now an invasive species of cosmopolitan distribution. Aphids diversity in chickpea cicer arietinum and lentil lens culinaris cultures within tala amara region tiziouzou, algeria. Colonization and control of aphis craccivora koch homoptera.
Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Abundance of coccinellid predators in some varieties of cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. Observations on aphis craccivora koch at serere, uganda, in 196468 showed that dry season carryover of aphids could occur on the common weeds euphorbia hirta and e. Pdf persistent toxicity of selected insecticides on. This is your first entry to the taxa hierarchy display.
Pdf new sources of aphids aphis craccivora koch resistance in. Behavioural response of alate aphis craccivora koch homoptera. The mortality of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora, due to the treatment of chemicals ranged from 50 to 98%. Aphididae causes stunted growth of plants and reduces seed production. When the aphids were confined the dry wt of the plant after 14 days infestation was 62% of the controls. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume aphid, is a true bug in the family aphididae. Aphididae moraes and ramalho 1980 are serious crop pests in brazil. Silicon as resistance inducer in to control black aphid aphis. Aphididae infesting phaseolus sinensis and lablab purpureus with its predator cheilomenes fabricius coleoptera. Field strain of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, was treated by selected neonicotinoid insecticides to evaluate their toxicity and persistence against this pest in assiut governorate, egypt.
Relative efficacy of selected insecticides on cowpea aphid. Identification of novel resistance gene sources to cowpea. Pest aphis craccivora koch destroying plants ants and aphis world. It has been known for many years1 that close spacing of groundnuts, arachis hypogaea l. Evaluation and utilization of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Materials and methods an unkown aphid was observed during 2009 in wheat crop at nifa farm. The present study evaluated the resistance of 7 varieties of the broad bean vicia faba l. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch ilse schreiner, ph.
This is a list of 609 species in aphis, a genus of aphids in the family aphididae aphis species. Influence of entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. Abstract the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, is a major insect pest of cowpea in africa. Temperature and development impacts on housekeeping gene. The production is, however, greatly hampered by severe infestation and damage by insect pests including the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Aphids, particularly aphis craccivora koch, are almost always the vector responsible for disease transmission. Epidemiology of zucchini yellow mosaic virus in cucurbit. Control of groundnut rosette virus and its vector aphis. Aphids diversity in chickpea cicer arietinum and lentil. Aphididae is a major insect pest of cowpea in africa, asia and the americas obengofori, 2007.
In general, this pest causes severe damage to beans in warm weather, especially in mediumrainfall areas of the region. Allyearround trapping in 20162017, revealed a marked peak in numbers of flying aphids in the. The development of cowpea aphid larvae was monitored on seven cowpea genotypes iar48, tvu15866, it84s22464, saka babba sata, it90k76, kanannado and tvx 3236. It is the vector of at least seven viruses which attack groundnut. Most aphid species comprise a set of closely related populations which may have diverged genetically so that. Hence, it is relevant to study the importance of leaf wax compounds longchain alkanes and free. Identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea.
The main species of aphids attacking beans are aphis fabae scopoli and aphis craccivora koch. Aphis craccivora, faba bean, intercropping, population dynamic, yield 1. Aphididae are an important group of insects with worldwide distribution 8. New sources of resistance in cowpea to the cowpea aphid aphis. Pdf field efficacy of selected insecticides against. Effects of groundnut crop density on the population dynamics of.
Studies on the ecology of aphis craccivora koch hem. These landraces from the region of biskra in the south of algeriawere selected in an initial field trial and subjected to further testing in the greenhouse. The main control of bbsv and bbtmv in crops is the use of seeds free from infection. Chemical, cultural, physical and biological methods, and use of plant. Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. These insects directly damage the plants by sucking the phloem, and indirectly by virus transmission and excretion of excess carbohydrates from their diet of. Colony of black bean aphid aphis fabae on flowers of plantain lily hosta sp aphis craccivora koch destroying plants. Within a few days, nymphs mature into reproductive adults and. A method was devised for estimating large populations of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. Under faba bean field conditions, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and dinotefuran registered significantly high percent reduction of the pest at one, seven, fifteen. Host odour preference of 405 olfactory response of cowpea.
This study sought to characterize the indigenous isolates of fungal entomopathogens, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium pingshaense, m. Lens culinaris, aphis craccivora, foliage colour, leaf pubescence, host plant. Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid identification, images. Grafttransmissibility of resistance to cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. The performance of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Pdf dispersal pattern of aphis craccivora koch in cowpea. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean clover stunt virus. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean clover stunt virus in southeast australia. These insects directly damage the plants by sucking the phloem, and indirectly by virus transmission and excretion of excess carbohydrates from their diet of phloem sap bachmann. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is one of the most serious pests of legumes, such as faba bean, cowpea and pea 3.
The damage and bionomics of the aphid are briefly introduced. Groundnut aphids, aphis craccivora koch, hemiptera. A current aphis forms catalog lists all available aphis and program forms and where the forms are stocked. Toxicity and persistence of selected neonicotinoid. In parthenogenetically reproducing aphis craccivora koch, ovarian growth is initiated before birth and continues throughout larval life1. The phenology of aphid populations and the epidemiology of virus in pastures in southeast australia. Aphididae, in six highly antibiotic cowpea varieties volume 79 issue 3 a.
Screening for resistance to cowpea aphids aphis craccivora koch in wild and cultivated cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Aphis craccivora koch is a major pest of groundnut arachis hypogaea l. Corpus allatum and ovarian growth in a polymorphic. Dispersal pattern of aphis craccivora koch in cowpea in kerala.
One of the most important pests of this crop is the black legume aphid, aphis craccivora koch homoptera. Infestation by the aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. The parasitoids hymenoptera, braconidae, aphidiinae of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, were investigated throughout two far distant provinces, tehran and sistanbaluchestan. Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants of. Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants of different nutritional quality traicevski 2002 ecological entomology wiley online library. Pdf the aphid aphis craccivora was recorded on the crop of aronia, aronia melanocarpa, in montenegro, in june 2015 and 2016. Consequently, maintenance of the juvenile form and. Equbal ahmad abstract the present seasonal study of aphis craccivora koch and its predator cheilomenes sexmaculata. Infestation score aphid population 0 free from aphids 1 very few aphid. Aphis stock photos download 836 royalty free photos. Comparative efficacy of some botanical, microbial and synthetic insecticides were evaluated against aphid, aphis craccivora koch, on mung bean at instructional farm, uttar banga krishi viswavidyalaya, pundibari, west bengal during the year 2012. Pdf screening for resistance to cowpea aphids aphis. Aphis craccivora is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts. Highest aphid densities were developed in the susceptible varieties.
Identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in medicago truncatula lars g kamphuis, 1, 2 lingling gao, 1 and karam b singh 1, 2 1 csiro plant industry, private bag 5, wembley, wa, 69, australia. Number of aphis craccivora adults and nymphs in the freechoice test. Pdf efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against. Aphis craccivora a polyphagous aphid species with a preference for fabaceae. Field evaluation of new insecticide molecules for the management of cowpea aphid and flea beetle was carried out in students farm, college of agriculture, pjtsau, rajendranagar, hyderabad during 20142015. Species scientific name, pests common names, glossary, crops. Dec 11, 2019 cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a serious insect pest of cowpea distributed in almost all states of india and its management is essential to increase the quality and quantity of cowpea yield.
Both nymphs and adults suck plant sap and cause serious damage right from the seedling to pod bearing stage. You can modify these specifications at any time by clicking the change items displayed button in the header. The cow pea aphid is the most notorious pest causing considerable damageto bean plants. Phylogeny, chitinase activity, and pathogenicity of beauveria. Worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora are. Worldwide in distribution, but particularly common in warm temperate and tropical regions. The nymphs and adults suck plant juice and cause serious damage on the seedling and pod bearing stage. Spread of groundnut rosette virus by aphis craccivora koch. Save nature to survive comparative efficacy of botanical. Home about us subjects contacts advanced search help.
Amaresh abstract cowpea, vigna unguiculata, is an important food crop in many tropical regions. Thrower department of botany, university of hong kong, hong kong accepted june 1980 summary in a greenhouse experiment, adult apterae of aphis craccivora were either confined to the second. Study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea aphid. Two aphid resistance, one rosette resistance, one aphid susceptible and one rosette susceptible lines were used as parents to develop f1s, f2s, bc1p1 and bc1p2. Effects of groundnut crop density on the population dynamics of aphis craccivora koch hemiptera, aphididae in malawi volume 66 issue 2 j. Reciprocal transfer experiments were undertaken using four different hosts to examine the effects of a change in host at adult moult on the probing behaviour of the cowpea aphid aphis c. Identification of novel resistance gene sources to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Germplasm for varietal improvement of resistance to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch. Aphis craccivora koch basf colony and damage on bean to read this page in french. Effect of weeds on colonization of cowpea by aphis craccivora koch.
Environmental issues aphididae distribution environmental aspects beans chick peas chickpea hostparasite relationships legumes lentils mimosaceae. There were two significant associations between facultative symbiont and aphid food plant. Ants living in the big tree protect their aphis for syrup in return ants and aphis world. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, koch is a key pest of the crop. Efficacy of pesticides against aphis craccivora 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 dimethoate imidaclopride monocrotophos acetampride control mortality % study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch 63. Olfactory response of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, to host odours and population of conspecifics j. This is the first report of aphis craccivora koch occurring on wheat in pakistan. In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly. Bioassay of some plant extracts against cowpea aphid, aphis. Fabaceae is an important pulse crop of asia, europe, and africa.
Twentytwo advanced breeding genotypes of cowpea were evaluated for their responses to infestation by the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. They are herbivorous insects that can affect plants directly or indirectly by feeding on the plants sap. Persistent toxicity of selected insecticides on cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Bioassay of some plant extracts against cowpea aphid. Pdf biology and demographic growth parameters of cowpea. The densities of the aphid on stem, leaves and pod were first estimated in the laboratory for use in the field later. Alabi3 1department of agronomy, university of ibadan 2international institute for tropical agriculture, ibadan 3department of crop protection and. Homoptera is associated with many host plants in the family fabaceae and also in many other plant families such that it attacks about 50 crops in 19 different plant families 2. This crop is highly susceptible to infestation with cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch eldefrawi, 1998.
Population dynamics of aphis gossypii glover and aphis. Population dynamics of aphis gossypii glover and in sole. Resistance source to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in. Cowpea aphid, black legume aphid, groundnut aphid distribution. In a greenhouse experiment, adult apterae of aphis craccivora were either confined to the second trifoliate leaf of 19. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch preferentially invaded weed. Also, it was given that the host plant species reported in different regions of turkey of abovementioned aphids, so far. Pdf first record of aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. Aphis craccivora colony was maintained on seedlings of fava bean in a growth chamber at 23c with a photoperiod of 12. At 3 days after the first spray, highest aphid mortalities were recorded in case of t 6.
A model of cowpea aphid populations in temperate pastures. The fgis forms catalog, fgis obsolete forms and the psp forms catalog also are available. Aphis craccivora and vigna sesquipedalis effect of infestation of second. This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and number of effective factors controlling the inheritance of aphid and rosette resistance and other quantitative characters. Grafttransmissibility of resistance to cowpea aphid, aphis.
The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera, aphidiae, was collected from a greenhouse on fava bean, vicia faba fabales, fabaceae, at the university of kentucky. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch is a major pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Singh and allen 1980 estimated yield losses of 20% to 40% in cowpea due to a. Eggs develop within the mother and nymphs are born live. Aphis craccivora is a remarkable species in terms of geographical and host plant range. Pdf this study sought to identify new sources of resistance to cowpea aphids. Control of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch homoptera. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
Walpers, is a major dietary staple in tropical africa where it is most often cultivated. Aphis craccivora, crop pest, entomopathogenic fungi, median lethal concentration introduction cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a threat to cowpea growers in all over the country. Experimental aphid transmission tests proved that myzus persicae and aphis craccivora are able to. The black bean aphid, aphis craccivora was described by koch in 1854 from germany.
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